REPORTED SPEECH!!!!

OKAY EVERYONE....HERE WE GO!

Remember what we learned in class today....REPORTED SPEECH. Here are some of the rules explained again..... Generally we use the reporting verbs: say (said) and tell (told) but there are many others ...I'll post them after this. :)

What is reported speech?
Reported speech is the form we use to speak about what others tell us.


Think about your day with other friends, co-workers and family. It's quite common to tell others what someone else has told you. Here are a few examples:

Arzu: Suna told me she was going to the shops this afternoon to buy some clothes. She said she wanted to get a new dress.
Zehra: Oh, maybe she'll see Cem. He told me he needed to buy clothes also.

1. Changing Pronouns and Time Expressions

When changing from direct speech to reported speech, it is often necessary to change the pronouns to match the subject of the sentence.

For example:

• She said, "I want to bring my children." ===> She said she wanted to bring her children.
• Kaan said, "My wife went with me to the show." ===> Kaan said his wife had gone with him to the show.

It is also important to change time expressions when referring to present, past or future time to match the moment of speaking.

For example:

• She said, "I want to bring my children tomorrow." ---> She said she wanted to bring her children the next day.
• Kaan said, "My wife went with me to the show yesterday." ---> Kaan said his wife had gone with him to the show the day before.

EXAMPLES:
present simple -> past simple
Original Statement: I work hard.
Reported Statement: He said he worked hard.

present continuous -> past continuous
Original Statement: She is playing the piano.
Reported Statement: He said she was playing the piano.

future with 'will' -> future in the past with 'would'
Original Statement: Orhan will have a good time.
Reported Statement: He said Orhan would have a good time.

future with 'going to' -> future in the past with 'was / were going to'
Original Statement: Leyla is going to attend the conference.
Reported Statement: Cem said Leyla was going to attend the conference.

present perfect -> past perfect
Original Statement: I have visited Rome three times.
Reported Statement: He said he had visited Rome three times.

past simple -> past perfect
Original Statement: Sarp bought a new car.
Reported Statement: She said Sarp had bought a new car.

Common Reported Speech Transformations

He said, "I live in Ankara."	He said he lived in Ankara.
He said, "I am cooking dinner."	He said he was cooking dinner.
He said, "I have visited Australia twice."	He said he had visited Australia twice.
He said, "I went to Las Vegas last week."	He said he had gone to Las Vegas the week before.
He said, "I had already eaten."	He said he had already eaten.
He said, "I am going to find a new job."	He said he was going to find a new job.
He said, "I will give Pinar a call."	He said he would give Pinar a call.